{"id":2245,"date":"2018-01-20T02:46:23","date_gmt":"2018-01-20T01:46:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hranicar-raje.cz\/?p=2245"},"modified":"2019-01-19T11:48:06","modified_gmt":"2019-01-19T10:48:06","slug":"unschooling-samostatnost-v-mysleni-i-konani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/unschooling-samostatnost-v-mysleni-i-konani\/","title":{"rendered":"Unschooling – samostatnost v my\u0161len\u00ed i kon\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ve spole\u010dnosti je hluboce zako\u0159en\u011bn Stockholmsk\u00fd syndrom. Pro\u010d? Vzali jsme za sv\u00e9 paradigmata a ty zuby nehty br\u00e1n\u00edme. N\u00e1zorv\u00e9 a syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 bal\u00ed\u010dky, kter\u00e9 jsou zde p\u0159ece pro na\u0161e dobro a nen\u00ed sebemen\u0161\u00ed d\u016fvod to zkoumat, zpochyb\u0148ovat nato\u017e m\u011bnit! <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1zor se p\u0159ej\u00edm\u00e1 a nep\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed se nad n\u00edm. Je to ona pov\u011bstn\u00e1 ko\u010dka p\u0159iv\u00e1zan\u00e1 za ocas. Sv\u00e9 tyrany a \u00fanosce chr\u00e1n\u00edme sv\u00fdm vlastn\u00edm t\u011blem. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Jedna z uk\u00e1zek je p\u0159\u00edstup ke vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed. Existuje fixace na syst\u00e9m sezen\u00ed v lavic\u00edch a nal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 d\u011bti nikdy v \u017eivot\u011b nepou\u017eij\u00ed a o p\u0159est\u00e1vce d\u011bti dostanou ml\u00e9ko, proto\u017ee je zdrav\u00e9 na kosti. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se prost\u0159ed\u00ed MUS\u00cd\u0160<\/strong> m\u00edsto nab\u00edzen\u00ed pestr\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly informac\u00ed. Jedna snad ji\u017e \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ekonan\u00e1 dom\u011bnka je, \u017ee se mus\u00edme \u0161rotit to, v \u010dem jsme slab\u00ed: \u201cbude\u0161 nad t\u00edm sed\u011bt dokud to nebude\u0161 um\u011bt, jako kdy\u017e bi\u010dem mrsk\u00e1!\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro\u0161el jsem ur\u010dit\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem, kter\u00fd bych popsal do \u010dty\u0159 etap – v prvn\u00ed etap\u011b<\/strong> jsem v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee cesta m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v nalezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edv\u011btiv\u00e9 \u0161koly, kter\u00e1 hodnotami a stylem v\u00fduky a prost\u0159ed\u00edm bude pro d\u00edt\u011b podporuj\u00edc\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edstup individu\u00e1ln\u00ed a respektuj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuhle f\u00e1zi jsem opustil v moment\u011b, kdy jsem na dcerk\u00e1ch vid\u011bl, \u017ee ne v\u017edy jsou r\u00e1no vyspan\u00e9 do r\u016f\u017eova, nat\u011b\u0161en\u00e9 na kamar\u00e1dy a vztahy s nimi. Proplakaly takhle u\u017e potoky slz. Jak je to mo\u017en\u00e9? V\u017edy\u0165 \u0161kolu jsme vybrali p\u0159\u00e1telskou a z t\u011bch osv\u00edcen\u011bj\u0161\u00edch! Je to proto, \u017ee v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nem\u016f\u017eeme hledat samosp\u00e1su. V\u017edy zde budou n\u00e1roky, postup skupiny v u\u010divu a rozd\u00edly v tom, jak kdo v kolektivu rychle ch\u00e1pe, vztahy mezi d\u011btmi – tady je t\u0159eba \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee kdy\u017e se k sob\u011b v alternativn\u00ed \u0161kole chovaj\u00ed n\u011bkdy velmi nehezky – nechci v\u011bd\u011bt, co v norm\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kole, kde je syst\u00e9m postaven\u00fd tak, \u017ee je \u201cslab\u0161\u00ed\u201d nebo \u201cjin\u00fd\u201d prost\u011b pozadu, bokem a pro v\u00fdsm\u011bch. Syst\u00e9m postaven\u00fd na moci a strachu – \u010dest v\u00fdjimk\u00e1m. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 f\u00e1ze<\/strong> byla vyvolan\u00e1 nejistotou a zklam\u00e1n\u00edm, kdy jsem vinil \u0161kolu \u017ee je neefektivn\u00ed, d\u011btem nejdou z\u00e1klady a m\u00edsto u\u010den\u00ed chod\u00ed na nesmysln\u00e9 dlouh\u00e9 t\u00fary a celkov\u00e1 neuchopitelnost \u0161koly. M\u011bl jsem za to, \u017ee d\u00e1t je do klasick\u00e9 \u0161koly \u201caspo\u0148 na \u010das, a\u0165 se nau\u010d\u00ed u\u010dit\u201d, jim d\u00e1 z\u00e1klady. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0159et\u00ed f\u00e1ze<\/strong> se t\u00fdk\u00e1 dom\u00e1c\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed – homeschoolingu. Vypad\u00e1 to velmi dob\u0159e a existuje samoz\u0159ejm\u011b mnoho zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak jej uchopit. \u00dapln\u00fd z\u00e1klad je nap\u0159\u00edklad klasick\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed s d\u00edt\u011btem doma podle osnov, kdy je u\u010ditelem jeden nebo oba z rodi\u010d\u016f a p\u0159ipravuje prost\u0159ed\u00ed, pom\u016fcky. Druh\u00fd zp\u016fsob je dom\u00e1c\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed s nav\u0161t\u011bvov\u00e1n\u00edm komunitn\u00ed \u0161koly, kter\u00e1 sdru\u017euje dom\u0161kol\u00e1ky a v\u017edy se jedn\u00e1 o mal\u00fd kolektiv. Na p\u0159edm\u011bty chod\u00ed specialista – nap\u0159. montessori matematika, angli\u010dtina atd..<\/span><\/p>\n

Homeschooling je vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed cesta av\u0161ak klade n\u00e1roky na rodi\u010de, proto\u017ee rodi\u010d prost\u011b zapojen\u00fd je a nejen \u017ee se s d\u00edt\u011btem u\u010d\u00ed, vym\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed podn\u011btn\u00e9 akce, mus\u00ed se s\u00e1m p\u0159ipravovat, proto\u017ee ruku na srdce asi ne ka\u017ed\u00fd z n\u00e1s si ty v\u011bci prost\u011b pamatuje a \u010das od \u010dasu si n\u011bco pot\u0159ebujeme p\u0159ipomenout. P\u0159ipravuj\u00ed se projekty, nebo jako nap\u0159\u00edklad dnes, studovali jsme rozd\u011blen\u00ed b\u00fdlo\u017eravec\/maso\u017eravec\/v\u0161e\u017eravec jednotliv\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at, kde ale doch\u00e1z\u00ed vlivem ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00ed a zm\u011bn \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed k v\u00fdkyv\u016fm a nov\u00e9mu chov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch druh\u016f:-) D\u011bti se budou pt\u00e1t a budou se pt\u00e1t v\u00e1s.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nev\u00fdhoda je st\u00e1le osnova. D\u011bti proch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159ezkou\u0161en\u00edm a srovn\u00e1v\u00e1 se, jestli jsou podle v\u011bku ve sv\u00e9 \u0161katulce v\u011bdomost\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161inou lze zohlednit individu\u00e1ln\u011b, kdy\u017e m\u00e1 d\u00edt\u011b obdob\u00ed na jedno t\u00e9ma a nezam\u011b\u0159\u00ed se na v\u0161echny p\u0159edm\u011bty. P\u0159\u00edstup p\u0159i p\u0159ezkou\u0161en\u00ed je skv\u011bl\u00fd, vst\u0159\u00edcnost velk\u00e1. Alespo\u0148 s t\u00edmto jsme se opakovan\u011b setkali my. Ale je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na v\u00fdb\u011bru kmenov\u00e9 \u0161koly a ne v\u017edy b\u00fdv\u00e1 vst\u0159\u00edcnost pravidlem. <\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed formou kter\u00e1 m\u011b fascinuje ze v\u0161eho nejv\u00edc, je u\u010den\u00ed-bez u\u010den\u00ed, resp. ne-u\u010den\u00ed unschooling. <\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ono je to tak – d\u00edt\u011b se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b u\u010d\u00ed, ale ur\u010duje si samo, co chce zrovna studovat a \u010d\u00edm se zab\u00fdvat. Rodi\u010de a nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt velmi podporuj\u00edc\u00ed a mus\u00ed m\u00edt d\u016fv\u011bru ve vnit\u0159n\u00ed motivaci a nezasahovat – jen reagovat na pot\u0159eby d\u00edt\u011bte, p\u0159ipravovat prost\u0159ed\u00ed a zdroje pro \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed.<\/strong> Nejl\u00e9pe se takov\u00fd unschooling praktikuje p\u0159i dlouhodob\u00e9m cestov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee vjem a t\u00e9ma p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u011b, stejn\u011b jako nov\u00fd jazyk. V unschoolingu je pot\u0159eba si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee v\u0161e souvis\u00ed se v\u0161\u00edm a \u017ee d\u00edt\u011b se p\u0159es jednu v\u011bc dok\u00e1\u017ee plynule p\u0159eklopit na t\u00e9ma a obor jin\u00fd. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ne ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b je v pr\u016fzkumu samostatn\u00e9 a n\u011bkter\u00e1 se budou v\u00edce pt\u00e1t. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

U unschoolingu je z\u00e1kladn\u00edm kamenem d\u016fv\u011bra. Pokud nem\u00e1 d\u00edt\u011b podporu a d\u016fv\u011bru u\u017e u prarodi\u010d\u016f, v\u0161e jde do h\u00e1je. Sta\u010d\u00ed sem\u00ednko pochybnosti, n\u00e1tlak nebo opakovan\u011b pozn\u00e1mky typu \u201ckdy\u017e to nebude\u0161 um\u011bt, bude\u0161 hloup\u00fd\u201d, nebo \u201cale Pep\u00edk od soused\u016f u\u017e tohle um\u00ed\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je t\u0159eba si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee doba ve kter\u00e9 \u017eijeme je dobou pro nov\u00e9 cesty. Klasick\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed m\u011blo za c\u00edl vychovat bu\u010f gramotn\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky, nebo pracovit\u00e9 a poslu\u0161n\u00e9 poddan\u00e9. <\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Unschooling reaguje na v\u011bt\u0161inovou spole\u010dnost t\u00edm, \u017ee otev\u00edr\u00e1 prostor pro rozvoj kvalit a dar\u016f ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednotliv\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte a jeho zp\u016fsobem je cht\u011bn\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte poznat okoln\u00ed sv\u011bt a sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto v n\u011bm. P\u0159\u00edstup unschoolingov\u00fdch a homeschoolingov\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed uv\u011bdom\u011blost k sob\u011b a ke sv\u00e9mu m\u00edstu a v p\u0159\u00ednosu pro celek. D\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 si dok\u00e1\u017ee ur\u010dit co a kdy chce d\u011blat a samo v sob\u011b v\u00ed pro\u010d – nebude ochotn\u00e9 d\u011blat v\u011bci pro n\u011bkoho jin\u00e9ho, pokud v tom neuvid\u00ed smysl. Takov\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b bude vlastn\u011b svobodn\u00e9, ale sou\u010dasn\u011b spole\u010densky v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b anga\u017eovan\u00e9. <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Tak jako klasick\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed funguje stylem odm\u011bny a trestu,<\/strong> homeschooling a unschooling funguje na principu \u201cv\u00edm pro\u010d\u201d. <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 si myslet, \u017ee d\u00edt\u011b nebude tou\u017eit poznat sv\u011bt, rozum\u011bt jeho z\u00e1konitostem, sob\u011b a sv\u00fdm dar\u016fm. Je to p\u0159irozen\u00e9. D\u011bti, kter\u00e9 si vezme do par\u00e1dy konven\u010dn\u00ed \u0161kolstv\u00ed tuhle schopnost ztr\u00e1c\u00ed, proto\u017ee se ztrat\u00ed v syst\u00e9mu hodnocen\u00ed, srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a sout\u011b\u017een\u00ed. S manipulac\u00ed d\u011btmi je t\u0159eba zkon\u010dit.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Zjistil jsem si u sv\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 a d\u011bsiv\u00e9 v\u011bci. Star\u0161\u00ed dcerka, kter\u00e1 za\u010d\u00ednala jako dom\u0161kol\u00e1k <\/span>a kde jsme m\u011bli na\u0161l\u00e1pnuto a byla prost\u011b testovac\u00ed vzore\u010dek, byla pod vlivem i dal\u0161\u00edch dosp\u011bl\u00edch, kte\u0159\u00ed prost\u011b nev\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u0161kola (ani pro prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddu..) nem\u016f\u017ee fungovat a tla\u010dili na pilu. Dcerka byla pod vlivem dvou sv\u011bt\u016f – na\u0161\u00ed liber\u00e1lnosti – prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda by prost\u011b nem\u011bla b\u00fdt o v\u00fdkonech a zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch – a sv\u011btem \u201cstar\u00e9 \u0161koly\u201d, kde se d\u00edtko mus\u00ed odevzdat syst\u00e9mu a vzd\u011blat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sama se rozhodla, \u017ee dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u0161kolu nechce a ode\u0161la do \u0161koly. Sama hodnot\u00ed sebe jako \u201cblbou\u201d kdy\u017e nev\u00ed v\u011bci, ale sou\u010dasn\u011b se taky u\u017e v\u011bt\u0161inou nerada u\u010d\u00ed. Je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00e1, \u017ee to co j\u00ed nejde mus\u00ed dohnat, proto\u017ee jinak bude ve spole\u010dnosti nedostate\u010dn\u00e1. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed to \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 tak nejist\u011b, jako by tomu sama ne zcela cht\u011bla v\u011b\u0159it, sp\u00ed\u0161 fr\u00e1ze, kterou j\u00ed n\u011bkdo nakukal. Jsme ve f\u00e1zi kdy se j\u00ed sna\u017e\u00edme vysv\u011btlit, \u017ee jej\u00ed dary jsou to, \u010demu stoj\u00ed za to v\u011bnovat pozornost a kde je i kl\u00ed\u010d k \u201c\u00fasp\u011bchu\u201d.<\/strong> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\/Mo\u017en\u00e1 je to ale i t\u00edm, \u017ee sami nyn\u00ed sv\u00e9 dary objevujeme a zkoum\u00e1me a tak je to t\u00e9ma cel\u00e9 rodiny :-)\/.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 dcerka se t\u00edm netr\u00e1p\u00ed. U\u010d\u00ed se moc r\u00e1da, nesnese n\u00e1tlak a n\u011bkdy m\u00e1 spoustu ot\u00e1zek. Um\u00ed si vyhledat informace a r\u00e1da pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 wikipedii a google, v\u010detn\u011b google map. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Velkou nad\u011bji vid\u00edm v unschoolingov\u00fdch d\u011btech. <\/span><\/p>\n

Velkou nad\u011bji vid\u00edm v tom, kdy n\u011bkdo pozn\u00e1 sv\u00e9 dary i sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto a napl\u0148uje to.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

St\u00e1v\u00e1 se aktivn\u00edm tv\u016frcem a nejen pln\u00ed co mu kdo zad\u00e1, na\u0159\u00edd\u00ed – u\u010ditel, \u0161\u00e9f, st\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samostatnost v my\u0161len\u00ed i kon\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ve spole\u010dnosti je hluboce zako\u0159en\u011bn Stockholmsk\u00fd syndrom. Pro\u010d? Vzali jsme za sv\u00e9 paradigmata a ty zuby nehty br\u00e1n\u00edme. N\u00e1zorv\u00e9 a syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 bal\u00ed\u010dky, kter\u00e9 jsou zde p\u0159ece pro na\u0161e dobro a nen\u00ed sebemen\u0161\u00ed d\u016fvod to zkoumat, zpochyb\u0148ovat nato\u017e m\u011bnit!  N\u00e1zor se p\u0159ej\u00edm\u00e1 a nep\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed se nad n\u00edm. Je to ona pov\u011bstn\u00e1 ko\u010dka p\u0159iv\u00e1zan\u00e1 za ocas. Sv\u00e9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2455,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2245","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-deti","category-spolecnost"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2245","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2245"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2245\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2456,"href":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2245\/revisions\/2456"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2455"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2245"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2245"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/janharnos.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2245"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}